Areas of expertise

Areas of Expertise

An overview of the core areas of care — what each area covers, when assessment is recommended, and which treatment options exist.

Carotid artery disease

In plain languageThe goal is to reduce stroke risk. The type of treatment is decided by the degree of narrowing and the symptoms.

What it is: Atherosclerotic narrowing of the carotid arteries that supply the brain, which may raise the risk of stroke.
When assessment is recommended: After a transient ischemic event, transient weakness or visual disturbance, a neck bruit, or an imaging finding.
Common diagnostic workup: Clinical examination, carotid duplex ultrasound, and at times CT/MR angiography.
Treatment options: Medical therapy and lifestyle changes, and in suitable cases endovascular treatment or surgery, based on individual assessment.
Follow-up principles: Periodic imaging surveillance and adjustment of treatment over time.

In plain languageSmall aneurysms usually just need monitoring. Treatment is considered based on size and growth rate.

What it is: A localized enlargement of the aorta. Many aneurysms cause no symptoms and are found incidentally.
When assessment is recommended: When an aneurysm is found on imaging, there is a family history, or risk factors are present.
Common diagnostic workup: Abdominal ultrasound, CT angiography for measurement and planning, and size monitoring over time.
Treatment options: Structured monitoring of small aneurysms, and endovascular (stent-graft) or open repair when criteria are met.
Follow-up principles: Imaging surveillance based on aneurysm size and rate of change.

In plain languageTreating risk factors and lifestyle is a central part of care, alongside procedures when needed.

What it is: Narrowing or blockage of the limb arteries that limits blood supply, usually from atherosclerosis.
When assessment is recommended: Walking pain that eases with rest, a cold or pale limb, or a wound that will not heal.
Common diagnostic workup: Clinical examination, ankle-brachial index (ABI), duplex ultrasound, and at times CT angiography.
Treatment options: Risk-factor management, supervised walking and medication, and in suitable cases endovascular treatment or surgery.
Follow-up principles: Monitoring of symptoms and function, and risk-factor control.

In plain languageThe more severe the symptoms, the greater the need for prompt assessment and planning.

What it is: A broad range — from walking pain (intermittent claudication) to limb-threatening ischemia, a serious condition needing prompt assessment.
When assessment is recommended: Walking pain that limits function, pain at rest, or an ischemic wound.
Common diagnostic workup: Clinical assessment, ABI, and arterial imaging as needed.
Treatment options: From supervised walking and medication for mild claudication, to intervention for significant narrowing or advanced ischemia.
Follow-up principles: Closer monitoring in advanced situations to preserve limb function.

In plain languageThe advantage is a relatively quick recovery; suitability depends on the vessel anatomy and clinical picture.

What it is: Minimally invasive treatment performed from within the vessel — using catheter, balloon, or stent — without a large surgical incision.
When assessment is recommended: As part of treatment planning for certain arterial conditions, where the approach suits the vessel anatomy.
Common diagnostic workup: Imaging-based planning (duplex, CT angiography) to assess suitability.
Treatment options: Widening of narrowings, stent placement, and endovascular aneurysm repair, according to the findings.
Follow-up principles: Post-treatment imaging to confirm patency and stability.

In plain languageIn certain situations, open surgery is the most durable and appropriate option.

What it is: Established, well-known surgical solutions, such as bypass and open repair, for situations where they are the better fit.
When assessment is recommended: When the vessel anatomy or clinical picture is not suited to endovascular treatment.
Common diagnostic workup: Comprehensive surgical assessment, detailed imaging, and surgical risk evaluation.
Treatment options: Bypass, endarterectomy, and open repairs, according to the indication.
Follow-up principles: Post-operative monitoring to maintain the durability of treatment over time.

In plain languageTreating varicose veins is not only cosmetic — it can ease symptoms and prevent complications.

What it is: Failure of the venous valves that causes congestion and symptoms, beyond the cosmetic aspect alone.
When assessment is recommended: Heaviness, swelling, pain, itching, or skin changes in the legs, and at times a venous wound.
Common diagnostic workup: Clinical examination and venous duplex ultrasound to assess flow.
Treatment options: Compression stockings and lifestyle changes, and minimally invasive or surgical treatments per the findings.
Follow-up principles: Monitoring of symptoms and assessment of any need for further treatment.

In plain languageEarly assessment and treatment of blood supply are critical to healing chronic wounds.

What it is: Chronic wounds, often related to diabetes, neuropathy, and arterial disease, that require a multidisciplinary approach.
When assessment is recommended: A wound that will not heal, redness, swelling, color change, or odor in the foot.
Common diagnostic workup: Assessment of blood supply, wound evaluation, and at times arterial imaging and treatment of infection.
Treatment options: Improving blood supply when needed, wound care, offloading, and multidisciplinary treatment.
Follow-up principles: Close follow-up until healing and prevention of recurrence.

In plain languageStable, well-functioning access is important to the quality of dialysis care.

What it is: Creation and maintenance of vascular access (a fistula or graft) for hemodialysis treatment.
When assessment is recommended: Before starting dialysis, or when there is a problem with existing access.
Common diagnostic workup: Vessel mapping (duplex) to assess suitability for access.
Treatment options: Creating a fistula or graft, and treating narrowing or problems in existing access.
Follow-up principles: Monitoring access function over time.

In plain languageConsultation and risk assessment can support prevention and early detection.

What it is: A professional assessment of vascular risk factors and a tailored monitoring or treatment plan.
When assessment is recommended: Risk factors (smoking, diabetes, hypertension), family history, or a wish for a second opinion.
Common diagnostic workup: Clinical examination, risk-factor review, and imaging as needed.
Treatment options: Prevention recommendations, risk-factor control, and a tailored monitoring plan.
Follow-up principles: Periodic monitoring according to the risk profile.

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